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Orb weaver spider8/13/2023 Furthermore, challenges include the variability within individual Gasteracantha species (e.g., color polymorphism and variable length and shape of spines), a lack of male specimens and descriptions for many species, missing or damaged type specimens, and ambiguous initial descriptions in 18th- and 19th-century scientific literature. Gasteracantha has a complex taxonomic history, and many questions of species limits and distribution and generic interrelationships remain unanswered. Orb-weavers' bites are generally harmless to humans. Some species of orb-weavers use stridulation as an antipredator defense mechanism. The genus is most diverse in tropical Asia, from India through Indonesia. Gasteracantha species are distributed worldwide in tropical and subtropical climates. Other genera in the same family are also known as spiny orb-weavers. ![]() Females are several times larger than males, which lack prominent spines or bright colors. Members of the genus exhibit strong sexual dimorphism. Other colloquial names for certain species include thorn spider, star spider, kite spider, or jewel spider. Spiny-backed orb-weavers are sometimes colloquially called "crab spiders" because of their shape, but they are not closely related to the true crab spiders. The name Gasteracantha is derived from the Greek gaster ( γαστήρ), meaning "belly, abdomen", and akantha ( άκανθα), meaning "thorn, spine". The females of most species are brightly colored with six prominent spines on their broad, hardened, shell-like abdomens. Species of the genus are known as spiny-backed orb-weavers, spiny orb-weavers, or spiny spiders. SeasonalityĪraneidae has been primarily sighted during the month of October.Gasteracantha is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first named by Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1833. Desert area (7).Īraneidae (Orb-weavers) has been sighted in the following countries: Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bermuda, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Laos, Malawi, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Oman, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tokelau, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Vietnam, Virgin Islands, U.S., Zambia, Zimbabwe.Īraneidae has also been sighted in the following states: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming. ![]()
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